There have been nineteen Test captains for Australia from Margaret Peden in 1934/35 to Rachael Haynes in 2017. Current skipper Mag Lanning is the eighteenth Test captain but was injured during the 2017 Ashes series when Haynes substituted. (For more detail of the captaincy records, click on the player name.)
| Player | Period | Tests | Won | Lost | Draw | % |
| Margaret Peden | 1934-37 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 17% |
| Mollie Dive | 1947-51 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 43% |
| Una Paisley | 1956-58 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 25% |
| Muriel Picton | 1960/1, 1968/9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0% |
| Mary Allitt | 1963 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0% |
| Miriam Knee | 1971/72 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0% |
| Wendy Blunsden | 1974/75 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0% |
| Anne Gordon | 1975/76 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0% |
| Margaret Jennings | 1976/77 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| Sharon Tredrea | 1978/79, 1984/85 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 25% |
| Jill Kennare | 1983/84 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0% |
| Raelee Thompson | 1984/85 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 50% |
| Lyn Larsen | 1987-92 | 10 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 50% |
| Belinda Clark | 1994-2005 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 30% |
| Karen Rolton | 2005-2008 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 50% |
| Jodie Fields | 2009-14 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0% |
| Alex Blackwell | 2010/11 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| Meg Lanning | 2015 – 2021/22 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 50% |
| Rachael Haynes | 2017 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0% |